Insights


Irrefutable's response to DESNZ's Consultation on Building a Market for Low-Emission Industrial Products
There has been a growing number of global policy initiatives focused on supply chain decarbonization. These include measures to price carbon at borders, leverage public procurement to create demand for low-carbon materials, and increase transparency through emissions reporting. Examples include the EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), buyer's coalitions across a range of carbon intensive sectors, and various carbon labeling schemes. The United Kingdom has a rare op
3 min read


Environmental Attribute Certificates vs Carbon Credits: how do they compare?
Environmental Attribute Certificates (EACs) and Carbon Credits (CCs) – two distinct product categories – are often conflated. Both are...
2 min read


Environmental Attribute Certificates: An Overview
Environmental Attribute Certificates (EACs) transform in-supply-chain emission reductions into tradable assets by decoupling environmental attributes from the physical flows of products or commodities.
3 min read


Carbon Instruments: An Overview
As the world races to price emissions, the conversation around carbon credits and allowances has never been more important. These instruments offer the opportunity to deliver auditable carbon pricing that can be hedged, benchmarked, and embedded into valuations and financing.
2 min read